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PPT SlideSenegambia clearly knew both the servile institutions and a long-distance trade in slaves when the Portuguese first made contact with the area. Four distinct social groups composed this society: the Buur, rulers; the jaambuur, translated as ëfreemaní; the nyenyo and the Griot, artisans and artists; the Jaam, or slaves. In listing them last I am not necessarily putting them at the bottom of the ladder. Western writers tend to see social categories in hierarchical or prestige terms. In fact, a Jaam was often better off economically than a jaambuur.
Martin A. Klein. 1977
Beheading of John The Baptist Rouen Cathedral, 1257
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